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Sonia Sood ¹, Nivedita Gupta ¹, Deepti Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of genetic relationships between fruit yield, yield components and quality traits in 37 okra genotypes for two years in order to bring quality breeding. Direct and indirect effects of fruit yield components on fruit yield per plant were investigated. Thirty seven accessions of okra were evaluated in randomized complete block design for various quantitative and quality traits and to quantify the relationships among these traits in diverse okra germplasm. Genetic analysis such as genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation and path coefficient analyses were performed. The results obtained showed highly significant variation in all the genotypes. Fruit yield/plant was significantly and positively associated with fruits/plant, average fruit weight and nodes/plant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels; which are important prerequisites to formulate a successful improvement program. Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruits/plant had the maximum positive direct contribution towards fruit yield/plant followed by average fruit weight and nodes/plant. The observed variability in the traits studied strongly indicate the possibility of selecting plants with suitable morphology when considering integration into any improvement programme towards preservation and conservation of okra germplasm.

Keywords

Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, Correlation Coefficient, Fruit Yield, Quality Traits, Path Analysis.

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Vibhuti Sharma ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Morphological characterization of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt.) germplasm is a prerequisite in any crop improvement programme. The present study was conducted in 2015 at the Vegetable Experimental Farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, to evaluate morphological traits of bell pepper genotypes in 43 F₅ progenies, one susceptible and two resistant checks. Characterization of genotypes was done for the plant descriptors that included fruit shape, fruit shape at pedicel attachment, blossom end fruit shape, fruit position, plant height and fruit colour. Blocky fruit shape, truncate/ cordate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, sunken blossom end fruit shape, pendent/ erect fruit position and dark green fruit colour at the time of horticultural maturity were the desirable horticultural attributes from consumer's point of view. Bell pepper germplasm contains sufficient genetic variability and can be used for crop improvement. Among the evaluated genotypes, 14 had blocky fruit shape, 12 with lobate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, 25 with sunken blossom end fruit shape, 7 with upright fruit position and 28 genotypes with plant height of 46-65 cm. Green and yellow green coloured fruits were prominent. 27, 9 and 10 progenies were categorized under green group, yellow yellow green group and yellow green green group, respectively. Characterization of bell pepper germplasm will provide valuable information for strengthening breeding programmes because it helps in selection of parents on the basis of morphological characters. P-43, P-24, P-25, P-33, P-34, P-10, P-23 were the progenies with desirable horticultural attributes and can be used for their exploitation in future breeding programme.

Keywords

Capsicum annuum Var. Grossum, Bell Pepper, Colour, Descriptor and Fruit.

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Vibhuti Sharma ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Forty six genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated during the summer rainy season of 2015 at CSKHPKV, Palampur to study the extent of genetic variability, determine the association between different characters, understand the direct and indirect effects of component traits on marketable fruit yield, and identify desirable genotypes. Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all horticultural traits studied; that is, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, plant height, primary branches per plant, harvest duration, fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, lobes per fruit, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, fruits per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant and marketable fruits per plant. On the basis of mean performance, the progenies P-30, P-39 P-33, P-11 and P-28 were the highest yielder. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) indicated higher values than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits, indicating close association between phenotype and genotype. High heritability estimates along with high genetic advance were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and marketable fruit yield per plant indicating the role of additive gene action for their inheritance. Harvest duration and fruit width had high heritability estimates along with low genetic advance, indicating non-additive gene activity, and these could be improved through hybridization The maximum direct effect on marketable fruit yield per plant was exhibited by marketable fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit width, whereas days to 50 per cent flowering and marketable fruits per plant had negative direct effects. Adequate genetic variability was present within bell pepper germplasm to aflow breeding improvement of marketable yield.

Keywords

Capsicum annuum var. grossum, Bell Pepper, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlations, Path Analysis.

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Amandeep Kaur ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V. Sood ¹, Akhilesh Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out on 30 genotypes of okra to study powdery mildew and their morphological characterization under natural field conditions at Palampur aiming at the development of high yielding, powdery mildew resistant lines of okra. Based upon the mean performance, genotypes 9801, Kashi Vibhuti, DPO-5, Palam Komal and Punjab Suhawani were found to be top yielders and resistant to powdery mildew disease. All the genotypes taken for study were found to be resistant and moderately resistant to powdery mildew disease except Kashi Pragati, Shitla Uphar, Shitla Jyoti, Kashi Satdhari, DPO-6, DPO-8, DPO-9, DPO-13, DPO-19 and Punjab-8. Okra germplasm contained sufficient genetic variability and can be used for crop improvement. Coincidently, among the top five high yielding lines most showed dark green or green coloured pods along with downy pubescence. Thus, these genotypes can be further used for breeding programmes and can be directly used after multi-location testing as these possess inherent ability to high yielding, superior quality along with powdery mildew resistance.

Keywords

Okra, Powdery Mildew, Resistance, Characterization, Colour, Pubescence, Ridges, Descriptor.

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Shweta . ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V.K. Sood ¹, Sanjay Chadha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-1760 62,, IN

Abstract

Heterosis studies were conducted using 9 lines and 3 testers in a line × tester mating design at Vegetable Research Farm, CSK HPKV, Palampur (H.P.) during rainy season 2021. The results revealed HPO-1 × P-8, Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat, Palam Round × Hisar Unnat and VRO-4 × Hisar Unnat found as promising cross-combinations over better parent for fruit yield. Whereas Palam Round × Hisar Unnat, Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat and VRO-4 × Hisar Unnat were the top ranking cross-combinations exhibiting significant heterosis over Samrat (standard check 1) and Shakti (standard check 2). Palam Round × Hisar Unnat was identified as best cross-combination as it exhibited significant positive heterosis over both SC1 and SC2 for fruit yield per plant. It also displayed significant positive heterosis over SC1 for nodes per plant, plant height, average fruit weight and fruits per plant and over SC2 for average fruit weight. Hybrid vigour is available for ’ commercial production of okra hybrid and that isolation of pure lines from the progenies of heterotic F s is a 1 possible way to enhance the fruit yield.

Keywords

Heterobeltiosis, Standard heterosis, Okra and Productivity.

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